Pet Transport to Japan: The 7-Month Timeline That Avoids Quarantine (2026)

A friend at Yokota Air Base learned the rule the hard way in 2024. PCS orders dropped in March. She booked a July move. Her vet did the rabies shot and FAVN test in May. The dog landed at Narita in July and went straight into a kennel inside the Animal Quarantine Service facility. The clock said 174 more days. The bill said roughly $32 a day. The dog finally cleared in late January.

The mistake was not the paperwork. The paperwork was perfect. The mistake was the calendar. Japan does not count the 180 days from the rabies shot. It counts from the date the FAVN blood draw is received by an approved lab. Miss that distinction and the quarantine clock starts the day your pet lands, not the day you started prep.

This guide is the timeline almost no US pet owner is given upfront. Seven months out, you start. Six months out, you wait. Two months out, you file notification with Japan AQS. Ten days out, your USDA-accredited vet endorses the export health certificate. The day of arrival, an AQS inspector at Narita, Haneda, or Kansai walks through 11 documents and either releases your pet in 90 minutes or sends it to quarantine. There is no in-between, no appeal, and no expedited release if you missed a step.

If you are reading this with less than 180 days before your move date, skip to "If you fail: how the 180-day quarantine works." Everyone else, read the timeline.

For more on this, read Can You Bring a Dog in an Uber or Lyft? Policy Guide.

The 180-day rule (and why it exists)

Japan is one of a small group of rabies-free countries. The last domestically acquired human rabies case from a Japanese animal was in 1957. Maintaining that status drives the entire import regime, which is administered by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) through the Animal Quarantine Service (AQS).

The rule that catches most US owners is the waiting period after the FAVN antibody test. Japan requires a minimum of 180 days between the date the blood sample is drawn for the FAVN test and the date the pet arrives in Japan. The waiting period does not begin with the rabies vaccination. It begins with the blood draw, which can only happen after the second rabies booster.

The FAVN (Fluorescent Antibody Virus Neutralization) test measures rabies antibody titer. Japan requires a minimum result of 0.5 IU/ml. Anything below that fails, and you start the prep over.

Only a handful of labs worldwide are approved by Japan AQS to run the FAVN for export purposes. In the United States the two most-used labs are the Kansas State University Rabies Laboratory and Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine. Your vet draws the blood, ships it on ice, and the lab reports back in two to four weeks.

The 180-day post-FAVN wait is not negotiable. AQS does not waive it for military PCS orders, corporate relocations, or family emergencies.

Month -7 (180+ days out): microchip, first rabies, FAVN draw

This is the month nothing visibly happens, and the month that determines everything.

Step 1: ISO-compliant microchip. Japan requires an ISO 11784/11785 compliant 15-digit microchip. Most US pets implanted in the last decade already have one, but verify the standard. If your pet has a non-ISO chip (AVID 9-digit or older Home Again), you have two options: implant an ISO chip alongside the old one, or carry your own ISO-compatible reader on travel day. The microchip number must appear on every subsequent document, in the exact same format, or AQS will reject the file.

Step 2: First rabies vaccination after the microchip. The rabies shot must be administered after the microchip is implanted. A rabies vaccination given before the chip does not count, even if the certificate is otherwise valid. The vaccine must be an inactivated (killed) or recombinant rabies vaccine. Live vaccines are not accepted.

Step 3: Second rabies vaccination, 30 days minimum after the first. Two shots, both post-microchip, at least 30 days apart. The second shot is the one that triggers eligibility for the FAVN draw.

Step 4: FAVN blood draw, after the second rabies shot. Your vet draws blood and ships it overnight to Kansas State or Auburn. Two to four weeks later you get the titer result. If it is 0.5 IU/ml or higher, the 180-day clock starts on the date of the blood draw, not the date the lab issued the result.

If your pet is a puppy, none of this can happen before 12 weeks of age, and most vets recommend waiting until 16 weeks for the second rabies booster to take. A puppy moving to Japan realistically needs to be at least 11 months old on arrival.

Month -5 (150 days out): the silent waiting period

This is the most dangerous month, because it feels like nothing needs to happen.

By this point your FAVN result is on file with a 0.5 IU/ml or higher titer. You have your vaccination records, microchip implantation date, and FAVN draw date in one folder. AQS is going to ask for all three on every subsequent form.

Two things happen in this window:

Keep the rabies vaccination current. If the rabies booster expires before your pet arrives in Japan, the entire chain collapses. Most US rabies vaccines are valid for one or three years. Match your booster schedule to your move date so the certificate is in-date on arrival day.

Start booking the airline cargo slot. JAL, ANA, and United PetSafe all cap the number of live animals per flight. Tokyo-bound summer flights book out four to six months ahead, and any flight using a 787 or A350 has stricter temperature and breed restrictions than older 777s.

Snub-nosed breeds (French Bulldogs, Pugs, Boston Terriers, Persian cats) have additional carrier restrictions and seasonal embargoes from May to September on most US carriers. If you have a brachycephalic pet, this is the month to confirm your airline will actually take them.

Month -2 (60 days out): Advance Notification to Japan AQS

Forty days before arrival is the cutoff. Submit the Advance Notification (Form A or AC-1) to the AQS office at your arrival airport. The form names the pet, owner, microchip number, FAVN result, flight number, arrival date, and the importer of record.

The notification is filed by email or through the NACCS online system. AQS responds within seven business days with an acceptance reference number. That number goes on the inspection paperwork at the airport. No reference number, no scheduled inspection slot, longer wait on arrival.

Pick your arrival airport carefully:

Narita (NRT) has the largest animal quarantine facility and the most experienced inspectors. Most commercial pet flights route here.

Haneda (HND) has a smaller AQS office with shorter inspection queues but fewer flights that accept live animals in cargo.

Kansai (KIX, Osaka) is the third option, typically used for Okinawa-bound military families connecting domestically.

The notification must go to the specific airport's AQS office. Filing for Narita and then arriving at Haneda voids the notification and forces a fresh inspection at the wrong office.

Month -1: USDA endorsement and the 10-day window

The final document is the APHIS 7001 health certificate, endorsed by USDA APHIS, accompanied by Japan's specific export annex (Form A or AC). This certificate must be:

Issued by a USDA-accredited veterinarian.

Dated within 10 days of the pet's arrival in Japan (not departure from the US).

Endorsed by a USDA APHIS Veterinary Services office, either in-person at a local endorsement office or via the VEHCS (Veterinary Export Health Certification System) online portal.

VEHCS endorsement turnaround is typically 1 to 3 business days. Mailed paper endorsements can take a week. For a Friday departure, the smart move is to have your accredited vet issue the certificate the Monday before, submit to VEHCS Tuesday, receive the endorsement Wednesday, and travel Friday with a buffer day.

If the certificate is dated more than 10 days before arrival, AQS will reject it and your pet enters quarantine for the documentation failure regardless of how good the rest of the file is.

Timeline reference table

When | Action | Where | Who endorses | Typical cost (USD)
Month -7 | Implant ISO 15-digit microchip | Your vet | Vet records only | $40 to $75
Month -7 | First rabies vaccine (post-microchip) | Your vet | Vet records only | $20 to $40
Month -7 | Second rabies vaccine, 30+ days after first | Your vet | Vet records only | $20 to $40
Month -7 | FAVN blood draw, ship to approved lab | Vet draws, KSU or Auburn tests | Lab issues result | $250 to $350 incl. shipping
Month -5 | Confirm FAVN result is 0.5 IU/ml or higher, file the report | Owner records | Lab certificate | $0
Month -5 | Book airline cargo slot (JAL, ANA, United PetSafe) | Airline cargo desk or pet shipper | Airline confirmation | Deposit varies
Month -2 | Submit Advance Notification to AQS arrival airport | NACCS online or email AQS | AQS reference number issued | $0
Day -10 to -7 | USDA-accredited vet issues APHIS 7001 and Japan annex | Your accredited vet | Vet signs | $100 to $250
Day -7 to -3 | USDA APHIS endorsement via VEHCS | APHIS Veterinary Services | USDA APHIS endorsement | $38 to $173
Day 0 | Arrive NRT, HND, or KIX. Present file to AQS inspector. | Airport AQS office | AQS clears or quarantines | Inspection free; cargo handling $150-$400

Day-of arrival: what the inspector actually checks

The AQS inspection at Narita typically takes 60 to 120 minutes for a paperwork-perfect pet. Inspectors at Haneda and Kansai work the same checklist. They will not release your pet until every line passes.

The inspector verifies:

Microchip number scanned and matched against every certificate.

Rabies vaccination dates, both shots, both post-microchip, both within validity.

FAVN result on file, 0.5 IU/ml or higher, from an AQS-approved lab.

180-day post-FAVN wait satisfied.

APHIS 7001 health certificate dated within 10 days of arrival.

Japan-specific Form A or AC export annex signed by USDA APHIS.

Advance Notification reference number matches the file on AQS's system.

Crate IATA-compliant, ventilation on three sides, secure latches.

Pet is the same species and breed declared on the notification.

No clinical signs of disease at visual inspection.

Owner identification matches the importer of record.

A single discrepancy, even a misread microchip number, triggers a hold while AQS contacts the issuing vet or lab to verify. If verification is not possible within 12 hours, the pet enters quarantine.

If you fail: how the 180-day quarantine works

A failure means your pet stays at the AQS facility at the airport of arrival until the documentation gaps are cured AND 180 days have elapsed from the date the corrective FAVN draw is received.

The facility itself is clean, climate-controlled, and staffed by veterinarians. Pets receive daily care, exercise, and food. Owners can visit during posted hours, typically 9 AM to 4 PM weekdays.

The financial cost runs roughly:

Kennel fee: approximately ¥3,500 to ¥5,000 per day (about $24 to $34 USD at recent exchange rates).

Food: included or owner-supplied.

Veterinary care: billed separately if needed.

Total for 180 days: roughly $4,300 to $6,200 USD plus any incidentals.

The emotional cost is harder to put a number on. For a six-month detention, owners report behavioral regression in highly social dogs, particularly working breeds and herding dogs accustomed to constant human contact.

The kindest option, if you discover the gap before the flight, is to delay the move and restart the FAVN clock from the US side. A four-month delay at home is materially better than 180 days of kennel time in Japan.

Approved airlines and cargo programs

Three airlines handle the majority of US-to-Japan pet cargo:

Japan Airlines (JAL) accepts dogs and cats in temperature-controlled cargo on most 777 routes. Snub-nosed breed restrictions apply. JAL's "JAL Family Service" desk handles pet bookings separately from passenger reservations.

All Nippon Airways (ANA) accepts pets in cargo on most US routes. ANA publishes seasonal embargoes for hot-weather months and a brachycephalic breed list that mirrors IATA's.

United PetSafe is the main US-carrier option for live animal cargo. Routes from SFO, LAX, IAH, and EWR to NRT operate year-round with temperature monitoring.

Delta discontinued its PetSafe program in 2016 for general cargo. American Airlines does not accept pets as cargo on transpacific routes. For non-cargo options, some smaller pets can travel in-cabin on JAL and ANA from US gateways, but the carrier weight limit is typically 17 to 22 pounds including the kennel.

Many military families and corporate relocations use a professional pet shipper to handle the cargo booking, customs broker coordination, and AQS notification. Reputable operators are profiled in our best pet transport companies guide.

Cost ranges from US hubs to Tokyo

Total all-in cost from US east coast to Tokyo, including prep:

Small dog or cat (under 25 lbs) in cabin where available: $2,200 to $3,800

Medium dog (25 to 60 lbs) in cargo: $3,500 to $6,500

Large dog (60 to 100 lbs) in cargo: $5,500 to $9,500

Giant breed (100 lbs+) in cargo: $7,500 to $14,000+

West coast departures (LAX, SFO, SEA) typically run 15 to 25% less because of shorter flight time and fewer connections. The full breakdown of route-and-weight pricing is in our pet transport cost guide.

Military families on PCS orders should check whether their travel office reimburses pet shipping. As of 2026, the DoD covers limited pet relocation costs which rarely covers the full Japan cost but offsets it. See our military pet transport guide for the current reimbursement rules.

For a deeper comparison with another rabies-free island destination, our pet transport to Australia guide walks through Australia's even longer pre-arrival protocol. If you need a USDA-accredited operator to handle endorsement coordination on your behalf, see our USDA-certified pet transport guide.

Frequently asked questions

Can I avoid the 180-day wait if my pet was already in a rabies-free country?

Sometimes. If your pet has lived continuously in a designated rabies-free region (such as Hawaii, Guam, Australia, New Zealand, the UK, or Iceland) for the 180 days immediately before arrival, AQS may waive the post-FAVN wait. The pet still needs the microchip, rabies vaccinations, and FAVN test on file. Document continuous residency carefully.

My pet's rabies shot was given before the microchip. Does that count?

No. Japan requires the rabies vaccination to be administered after the microchip is implanted. A pre-microchip rabies shot is invalid for Japan import even if the certificate is otherwise current. You will need to administer a new rabies booster after microchip implantation and restart the two-dose schedule.

How long does the FAVN test take to come back from Kansas State or Auburn?

Two to four weeks from blood receipt. Both labs publish current turnaround times on their websites. Build a four-week buffer into your timeline in case the first sample needs to be redrawn.

What happens if my pet's FAVN titer is below 0.5 IU/ml?

The result fails Japan's import standard. You will need to administer another rabies booster, wait 30 days, redraw blood, and retest. The 180-day clock starts from the date of the passing blood draw, not the failing one.

Can I bring my pet in the cabin to Japan?

JAL and ANA accept small pets (typically under 17 to 22 lbs including kennel) in cabin on some routes. US carriers do not allow pets in cabin on transpacific flights. Most pets travel as accompanied baggage or as cargo. AQS inspection rules are identical regardless of cabin or cargo.

I am PCSing to Yokota or Yokosuka in three months. What are my options?

If you have not started the FAVN process, you cannot meet the 180-day wait. Options: have a trusted family member care for the pet in the US while you complete a delayed FAVN clock and ship later; accept the 180-day quarantine on arrival; or in rare cases, work through your installation's veterinary treatment facility on possible accommodations. Military bases in Japan have on-base vet clinics that can advise.

Are there breed restrictions for pets entering Japan?

Japan does not ban any dog breeds at the federal import level, but airline carriers restrict snub-nosed breeds (French Bulldog, Pug, Boston Terrier, Bulldog, Persian cat, Himalayan cat) in cargo. Some airlines refuse them year-round; others embargo them May through September. Confirm with your airline before booking.

Can I use a pet shipper or do I have to do this myself?

Both work. A professional pet shipper handles airline booking, crate sizing, AQS notification, customs broker coordination, and airport pickup on the Japan side. Cost runs $1,500 to $4,000 on top of the airfare. Doing it yourself saves money but requires careful tracking of every deadline and document. For high-stakes moves (military PCS, brachycephalic breeds, summer travel), most owners find a shipper worth the cost.